Lawn Mower

How exactly do lawn mower engines work?

I am trying to build a beefed up go kart and I have a lawn mower engine that I can use but lawn mower engines are vertical driven and a go kart is usually driven with a horizontal mount. How do I make the conversion, should I just use a gear box? Also how do the governors work, my budy build one with an old 5hp briggs and stratton and he tore the governor off why did he do this? any ideas?...thanx guys.

You can buy a gear box to run a vertical shaft engine, but it is probably cheaper to buy a horizontal shaft engine than to try to convert it.

The governor is in place on a lawn mower for 2 reasons -

(1) when you're using the lawn mower, its not practical to keep a hand on the throttle, but the mower needs to operate at different throttle openings to work efficiently. The governor senses load on the engine and reduces or increases throttle opening as needed.
(2) if you were to just run it wide open, you would overheat the engine and reduce the life of it. Also, the maximum speed has to be governed because the blade is only safe to a certain RPM.

On a go cart, you can regulate the throttle manually (in fact, you want to). The governor is not required, and because you are changing the load, you don't really have to worry about over revving the motor to the point that things break.

ps - if the engine came off a riding mower, you might already have a gearbox. If its from a push mower - I would check the price of horizontal shaft units first, you might be pleasantly surprised.

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Man riding lawn mower to cops: "I only drank two pitchers." If we drank two pitchers of booze, we'd be riding high, too. So when cops stopped Shawn Thomas, 34, of Clermont, riding a mower at 1 a.m., they did what any good cop would do.

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Vertical Shaft

Can you use a v belt an pulley to run the wheels of a go kart with vertical shaft engine?

If you put a pulley on the wheel axle and one on the engine shaft you will have one pulley that is horizontal on the engine an the other vertical on the axle. Could you take the belt an twist it kinda in a figure 8 so that the engine could power the wheels. Or could I use large gears and put the engine close to the axle that way one gear could turn the other. If you have any other ideas of doing this that would work better that would be great.

V belts waste power, but it would work. However, you need some way of disconnecting the drive - a clutch of some kind. With the V belt, you can have it a bit slack, so it slips and when you want drive, you pull an idler pulley into the belt to tighten it.
If you have a strainght gear drive from the engine to the wheels, you will have to have drive if the engine is running, and stall it when you stop.

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New Phenomenon Composite rubies are sold all over the world and the difference is not evident when using the naked eye. But once you put the composite under the microscope, the results are quite dramatic. One of the starkest things you see when looking at a composite ruby is that its sometimes contains air bubbles that have been trapped in the glass during manufacture. Dangers In today's article, we will give you a short introduction on how rubies are mined and the process involved. The main methods of mining rubies are placer, underground mining and hydraulic mining; the method depends on how deep into the earth the rubies are situated. There are other methods which we will also briefly touch upon. Placer Method of Mining The placer method is also known as river panning and involves collecting the gemstones whilst washing away gravel from a river. creek or stream; an obvious pre-requisite of this is identifying the gravel which could possibly contain the rubies. A large pan is filled with water and then it is shaken back and forth to ensure the heavy materials fall to the bottom of the pan; this is repeated until there is a small amount of concentrate left in the pan. Then this concentrate is moved to a smaller pan to see if there are any gems. Hydraulic Mining In hydraulic mining, very powerful jets of water are used to loosen the gems from the rocks. The water splits the rocks and washes large pieces downhill; this causes the gems to be separated.

Due to its harmful effects on the natural environment, this type of mining is not used now. Mountaintop Removal Mining This method entails cleaning the mountaintop at the ground level by cutting down trees and shrubs. Dynamite is then used to blast the top of the mountain; the resulting large rocks are then scoured for the gemstones. Underground Mining This method of mining is used as an alternative to surface mining, which is often not possible. This is the most common way of finding gemstones, and involves miners digging underground until they find gemstones. The main forms of underground mining are: Borehole Mining Holes are drilled very deep inside the land using very large bore drills. Then a plastic tube is passed through the hole, water is then pushed through this tube at very high speeds. This water breaks the rocks and forms muddy slurry, which is stored in tankers. The water is then separated from the slurry to leave gemstones. Drift Mining Drift mining is performed on the mountains and entails first identifying rocks which are below the side of the mountain. The opening s created are called tunnels, and the gemstones are derived from the materials that come through the tunnels down from the hills.

Shaft Mining Vertical tunnels called shafts are created below the mountain when shaft mining is used. Miners move up and down one of the shafts and another shaft is used for bringing the material from below the ground. More tunnels are made for blasting the rocks and the gems are found from amongst the rocks. Summary In most of the mining methods we have discussed, rocks are broken down into small or medium chunks using explosives such as dynamite. These rocks are then processed to extract the gemstones. Once you have the raw gemstone, it can be cleaned, cut and polished to produce the finished article.

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